Pelvic ultrasound - abdominal

定义

A pelvic (transabdominal) ultrasound is an imaging test. It is used to examine organs in the pelvis.

选择的名字

Ultrasound pelvis; Pelvic ultrasonography; Pelvic sonography; Pelvic scan; Lower abdomen ultrasound; Gynecologic ultrasound; Transabdominal ultrasound

How the Test is Performed

Before the test, you may be asked to put on medical gown.

During the procedure, you will lie on your back on the table. Your health care provider will apply a clear gel on your abdomen.

Your provider will place a probe (transducer), 在凝胶上, rubbing back and forth across your belly:

• The probe sends out sound waves, which go through the gel and reflect off body structures. A computer receives these waves and uses them to create a picture.
• Your provider can see the picture on a TV monitor.

Depending on the reason for the test, women also may have a trans阴道l ultrasound 在同一次访问期间.

How to Prepare for the Test

A pelvic ultrasound may be done with a full 膀胱. Having a full 膀胱 can help with looking at organs, such as the womb (子宫), within your pelvis. You may be asked to drink a few glasses of water to fill your 膀胱. You should wait until after the test to urinate.

How the Test will Feel

The test is painless and easy to tolerate. The conducting gel may feel a little cold and wet.

You can go home right after the procedure and can resume your daily activities.

Why the Test is Performed

A pelvic ultrasound is used during pregnancy to check the baby.

A pelvic ultrasound also may be done for:

• 囊肿, 肌瘤肿瘤, or other growths or masses in the pelvis found when your doctor examines you
• Bladder growths or other problems
• 肾结石
• Pelvic inflammatory disease, an infection of a woman's 子宫, 卵巢, or tubes
• Abnormal 阴道l bleeding
• 月经的问题
• Problems becoming pregnant (不孕)
• 正常的怀孕
• 异位妊娠, a pregnancy that occurs outside the 子宫
• Pelvic and abdominal pain

Pelvic ultrasound is also used during a 活组织检查 to help guide the needle.

正常的结果

The pelvic structures or fetus are normal.

What Abnormal Results Mean

An abnormal result may be due to many conditions. Some problems that may be seen include:

• Abscess in the 卵巢, fallopian tubes, or pelvis
• Birth defects of the womb or 阴道
• 巨蟹座 膀胱, 子宫颈, 子宫, 卵巢, 阴道, and other pelvic structures
• Growths in or around the 子宫 and 卵巢 (such as cysts or fibroids)
• Twisting of the 卵巢
• 淋巴结肿大

风险

There are no known harmful effects of pelvic ultrasound. Unlike x-rays, there is no radiation exposure with this test.

参考文献

Dolan MS, Hill CC, Valea FA. Benign gynecologic lesions: vulva, 阴道, 子宫颈, 子宫, 输卵管, 卵巢, ultrasound imaging of pelvic structures. In: Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, Lobo RA, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 18.

金伯利HH，斯通MB. 紧急超声波. In: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap e5.

Porter MB, Goldstein S. Pelvic imaging in reproductive endocrinology. In: Strauss JF, Barbieri RL, eds. 日元 & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology. 8日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 35.